A clear understanding of loops in Terraform

Since version 0.13 Terraform, created by HashiCorp, supports loops in resources and modules. Especially, there was a high demand for the feature ‘loop over modules’. This will generate high code developing advantages. Possible use cases for this are for example:
• Creating the exact same infrastructure over multiple regions in a cloud.
• Increasing or decreasing the amount of virtual machines in the infrastructure with just changing a single number.
• Updating virtual machines in a high available manner becomes really simple. Just add some new machines in the infrastructure, update those new machines, update the old machines and remove the last added machines again.